KMID : 0338420210360051126
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The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2021 Volume.36 No. 5 p.1126 ~ p.1133
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Prevalence and characteristics of isolated nocturnal hypertension in the general population
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Rhee Moo-Yong
Kim Je-Sang Kim Chee-Hae Kim Ji-Hyun Lee Jung-Ha Kim Sun-Woong Nah Deuk-Young Gu Nam-Yi Cho Eun-Joo Sung Ki-Chul Hong Kyung-Soon
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Abstract
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Background/Aims: Ascertaining the prevalence of isolated nocturnal hypertension (INHT) in the general population and identifying the characteristics of patients with INHT may be important to determine patients who should receive 24- hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of INHT in the general population.
Methods: Of 1,128 participants (aged 20 to 70 years), we analyzed 823 who had valid 24-hour ambulatory BP measurements and were not on antihypertensive drug treatment.
Results: The prevalence of INHT in the study was 22.8%. Individuals with INHT had a higher office, 24-hour, and daytime and nighttime ambulatory systolic and diastolic BPs compared to individuals with sustained day-night normotension. INHT was more prevalent in individuals with masked hypertension (MH) than in those with sustained hypertension (59.8% vs. 15.6%, p < 0.001). Among individuals with INHT, 92.6% had MH. Among individuals with office BP-based prehypertension, 34.5% had both INHT and MH. The prevalence of INHT was highest in individuals with office BP-based prehypertension. INHT was an independent determinant of MH after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, 24-hour systolic and diastolic BP, systolic and diastolic BP dipping, and systolic and diastolic BP non-dipping.
Conclusions: The present study showed that INHT is not uncommon and is a major determinant of MH. Our findings strongly suggest the use of 24-hour ambulatory BP measurement for individuals within the prehypertension range of office BP owing to the high prevalence of INHT and MH in this population.
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KEYWORD
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Nocturnal, Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, Masked hypertension, Prehypertension
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