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KMID : 0338420220370050989
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The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
2022 Volume.37 No. 5 p.989 ~ p.1001
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Clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 vaccine-related pneumonitis: a case series and literature review
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Park Ji-Young
Kim Joo-Hee
Park Sung-Hoon
Hwang Yong-Il
Kim Hwan-Il
Jang Seung-Hun
Jung Ki-Suck
Kim Yong-Kyun
Kim Hyun-Ah
Lee In-Jae
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Abstract
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Background/Aims: Pulmonary toxicities of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination are exceedingly rare. However, there are a few reported cases after mRNA vaccination, especially from Asian countries. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 vaccine-related pneumonitis (CV-P) and to review cases reported in the literature.
Methods: We performed a prospective, observational case series analysis.
Results: Eleven patients with a median age of 80 years were enrolled. Ten patients developed CV-P after BNT162b2-mRNA vaccination and one after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. We identified various patterns of CV-P, including transient infiltration, life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome, and aggravation of underlying interstitial lung disease. Most patients showed favorable outcomes with good responses to corticosteroid therapy.
Conclusions: Identifying the mechanism of CV-P requires further investigation; however, radiological and laboratory findings in our case series support inflammatory dysregulation in the lung parenchyma after vaccination. Clinicians should consider CV-P in patients with atypical lung infiltration, no specific etiologies, and recent COVID-19 vaccination.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, Vaccines, Drug-related side effects and adverse reactions, Pneumonitis, Lung diseases, interstitial
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