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KMID : 0368120140440010030
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Korean Circulation Journal
2014 Volume.44 No. 1 p.30 ~ p.36
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High Sodium Intake in Women with Metabolic Syndrome
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Rhee Moo-Yong
Kim Ji-Hyun
Kim Yong-Seok
Chung Jin-Wook
Bae Jun-Ho
Nah Deuk-Young
Kim Young-Kwon
Lee Myoung-Mook
Lim Chi-Yeon
Byun Jae-Eon
Park Hye-Kyung
Kang Baeg-Won
Kim Jong-Wook
Kim Sun-Woong
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Abstract
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Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome and high sodium intake are associated with frequent cardiovascular events. Few studies have estimated sodium intake in subjects with metabolic syndrome by 24-hour urine sodium excretion. We evaluated sodium intake in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
Subjects and Methods: Participants were recruited by random selection and through advertisement. Twenty four-hour urine collection, ambulatory blood pressure measurements, and blood test were performed. Sodium intake was estimated by 24-hour urine sodium excretion. Participants receiving antihypertensive medications were excluded from analysis.
Results: Among the 463 participants recruited, subjects with metabolic syndrome had higher levels of 24-hour urine sodium excretion than subjects without metabolic syndrome (p=0.0001). There was a significant relationship between the number of metabolic syndrome factors and 24-hour urine sodium excretion (p=0.001). The proportion of subjects with metabolic syndrome was increased across the tertile groups of 24-hour urine sodium excretion (p<0.0001). The association of high sodium intake and metabolic syndrome was significant only among women. Among the factors related to metabolic syndrome, body mass index had an independent association with 24-hour urine sodium excretion (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Women with metabolic syndrome exhibited significantly higher sodium intake, suggesting that dietary education to reduce sodium consumption should be emphasized for women with metabolic syndrome
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KEYWORD
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Sodium, dietary, Metabolic syndrome, Hypertension
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