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KMID : 0368120230530120829
Korean Circulation Journal
2023 Volume.53 No. 12 p.829 ~ p.839
Trends and Outcomes of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
Harshith Thyagaturu

Nicholas Roma
Aakash Angirekula
Sittinun Thangjui
Alex Bolton
Karthik Gonuguntla
Yasar Sattar
Muchi Ditah Chobufo
Abhiram Challa
Neel Patel
Gayatri Bondi
Sameer Raina
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is limited data on the impact of type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from January 2019 to December 2020 was queried to identify T2MI hospitalizations based on the appropriate International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision-Clinical Modification codes. Monthly trends of COVID-19 and T2MI hospitalizations were evaluated using Joinpoint regression analysis. In addition, the multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis was used to compare in-hospital mortality, coronary angiography use, and resource utilization between 2019 and 2020.

Results: A total of 743,535 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of T2MI were identified in the years 2019 (n=331,180) and 2020 (n=412,355). There was an increasing trend in T2MI hospitalizations throughout the study period corresponding to the increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations in 2020. The adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality associated with T2MI hospitalizations were significantly higher in 2020 compared with 2019 (11.1% vs. 8.1%: adjusted odds ratio, 1.19 [1.13?1.26]; p<0.01). In addition, T2MI hospitalizations were associated with lower odds of coronary angiography and higher total hospitalization charges, with no difference in the length of stay in 2020 compared with 2019.

Conclusions: We found a significant increase in T2MI hospitalizations with higher in-hospital mortality, total hospitalization costs, and lower coronary angiography use during the early COVID-19 pandemic corresponding to the trends in the rise of COVID-19 hospitalizations. Further research into the factors associated with increased mortality can increase our preparedness for future pandemics.
KEYWORD
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Myocardial infarction, Myocardial ischemia
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