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KMID : 0379520090250030113
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한국독성학회지
2009 Volume.25 No. 3 p.113 ~ p.118
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Apoptosis Induction by Menadione in Human Promyelocytic Leukemia HL-60 Cells
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Sa Duck-Jin
Lee Eun-Jee
Yoo Byung-Sun
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Abstract
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Cell death induced by menadione (vitamin K-3,2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) has been investigated in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Menadione was found to induce both apoptosis and necrosis in HL-60 cells. Low concentration (1~50 μM) of menadione induced apoptotic cell death, which was demonstrated by typical DNA ladder patterns on agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry analysis. In contrast, a high concentration of menadione (100 μM) induced necrotic cell death, which was demonstrated by DNA smear pattern in agarose gel electrophoresis. Necrotic cell death was accompanied with a great reduction of cell viability. Menadione activated caspase-3, as evidenced by both increased protease activity and proteolytic cleavage of 116 kDa poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) into 85 kDa cleavage product. Caspase-3 activity was maximum at 50 μM of menadione, and very low at 100 μM of menadione. Taken together, our results showed that menadione induced mixed types of cell death, apoptosis at low concentrations and necrosis at high concentrations in HL-60 cells.
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KEYWORD
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Menadione, Apoptosis, HL-60 cells, Flow cytometry, Caspase-3, PARP
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