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KMID : 0578319940040030259
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Molecules and Cells
1994 Volume.4 No. 3 p.259 ~ p.265
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Survival and Adaptation of Microbes Indise Eukaryotic Cells
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Jeon Kwang-W.
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Abstract
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A wide variety of microbes ranging from rickettsia to eukaryotic cells live as facultative or obligate endosymbionts inside other cells ranging from free-living cells to tissue cells of higher organisms. The host cells serve as a habitat for endosymbionts and supply their material needs, but the host-cell cytoplasm is a potentially hostile environment for endosymbionts because they must avoid digestion by the host and encounter many difficulties for their survival and multiplication. Some microbes avoid digestion by being resistant to digestive actions of lysosomal enzymes, while others survive by preventing lysosome-symbiosome fusion thus avoiding exposure to lysosomal enzymes. A few microbes employ another mechanism, that is, to escape from phagolysosomes into the host-cell cytoplasm. The expression of symbionts´ and hosts´ genes may be modulated as a result of symbiosis and it apprears that heat-shock proteins play an important role in host-symbiont interactions. Recent findings on the mechanisms whereby endosymbionts aviod digestion by their hosts and adapt to the hostile environment for survival are reviewed.
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