KMID : 0578320230460040245
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Molecules and Cells 2023 Volume.46 No. 4 p.245 ~ p.255
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7¥á,25-Dihydroxycholesterol-Induced Oxiapoptophagic Chondrocyte Death via the Modulation of p53-Akt-mTOR Axis in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis
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Seo Jeong-Yeon
Kim Tae-Hyeon Kang Kyeong-Rok Lim Hyang-I Choi Moon-Chang Kim Do-Kyung Chun Hong-Sung Kim Heung-Joong Yu Sun-Kyoung Kim Jae-Sung
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Abstract
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This study aimed to exploring the pathophysiological mechanism of 7¥á,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7¥á,25-DHC) in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. 7¥á,25-DHC accelerated the proteoglycan loss in ex vivo organ-cultured articular cartilage explant. It was mediated by the decreasing extracellular matrix major components, including aggrecan and type II collagen, and the increasing expression and activation of degenerative enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and -13, in chondrocytes cultured with 7¥á,25-DHC. Furthermore, 7¥á,25-DHC promoted caspase dependent chondrocytes death via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Moreover, 7¥á,25-DHC upregulated the expression of inflammatory factors, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2, via the production of reactive oxygen species via increase of oxidative stress in chondrocytes. In addition, 7¥á,25-DHC upregulated the expression of autophagy biomarker, including beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 via the modulation of p53-Akt-mTOR axis in chondrocytes. The expression of CYP7B1, caspase-3, and beclin-1 was elevated in the degenerative articular cartilage of mouse knee joint with OA. Taken together, our findings suggest that 7¥á,25-DHC is a pathophysiological risk factor of OA pathogenesis that is mediated a chondrocytes death via oxiapoptophagy, which is a mixed mode of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy.
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KEYWORD
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7¥á, 25-dihydroxycholesterol, chondrocytes, osteoarthritis, oxiapoptophagy, oxysterol
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