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KMID : 0893420230240010008
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Journal of Veterinary Science
2023 Volume.24 No. 1 p.8 ~ p.8
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Prevalence of intestinal parasites in animal hosts and potential implications to animal and human health in Edo, Nigeria
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Collins Usunobun Inegbenosun
Clement Isaac
Felicitas Ugienosomi Anika
Ogbeide Philip Aihebholoria
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Abstract
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Background : Intestinal parasites in livestock cause huge economic setbacks. Moreover, these parasites can threaten human health when also present in companion animals.
Objectives : The study examined the prevalence and burden of intestinal parasites among roaming/migrating animals (goats, sheep, cattle, and dogs) to provide insights into the risk of potential human parasitic infections.
Methods : A total of 1,741 fecal samples from goats (n = 920), sheep (n = 335), cattle (n = 230) and dogs (n = 256) were obtained randomly across 18 local government areas in Edo State, Nigeria. The parasite samples were recovered and identified under a microscope. Molecular tools were used to identify Toxocara spp.
Results : Eighteen different parasites were isolated. Among the different groups of parasites observed, nematodes occurred the most, followed by protozoans. Among nematodes, Haemonchus was most prevalent in goats (28.04%) and sheep (29.85%), while Strongyloides (10.86%) and Bunostomum (8.69%) were relatively high in cattle. Strongyloides (3.9%), hookworm (3.9%), and Toxocara (3.12%) were the predominant parasites in dogs. For protozoan parasites, Eimeria was most common in all 4 animal hosts. Several goats (2.39%) and sheep (2.38%) tested positive for Fasciola spp. Molecular analysis confirmed Toxocara canis in dogs for the first time in Nigeria.
Conclusions : The major parasites recovered from these roaming/migrating animals have zoonotic potentials that can threaten human health.
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KEYWORD
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Livestock, dogs, nematodes, protozoans, zoonotic potential, Toxocara canis
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