KMID : 1009020150130010036
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Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 2015 Volume.13 No. 1 p.36 ~ p.47
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Understanding Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Consciousness: Biological Correlates and Translational Implications from Quantum Theory Perspectives
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Venkatasubramanian Ganesan
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Abstract
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From neurophenomenological perspectives, schizophrenia has been conceptualized as ¡°a disorder with heterogeneous manifestations that can be integrally understood to involve fundamental perturbations in consciousness¡±. While these theoretical constructs based on consciousness facilitate understanding the ¡®gestalt¡¯ of schizophrenia, systematic research to unravel translational implications of these models is warranted. To address this, one needs to begin with exploration of plausible biological underpinnings of ¡°perturbed consciousness¡± in schizophrenia. In this context, an attractive proposition to understand the biology of consciousness is ¡°the orchestrated object reduction (Orch-OR) theory¡± which invokes quantum processes in the microtubules of neurons. The Orch-OR model is particularly important for understanding schizophrenia especially due to the shared ¡®scaffold¡¯ of microtubules. The initial sections of this review focus on the compelling evidence to support the view that ¡°schizophrenia is a disorder of consciousness¡± through critical summary of the studies that have demonstrated self-abnormalities, aberrant time perception as well as dysfunctional intentional binding in this disorder. Subsequently, these findings are linked with ¡®Orch-OR theory¡¯ through the research evidence for aberrant neural oscillations as well as microtubule abnormalities observed in schizophrenia. Further sections emphasize the applicability and translational implications of Orch-OR theory in the context of schizophrenia and elucidate the relevance of quantum biology to understand the origins of this puzzling disorder as ¡°fundamental disturbances in consciousness¡±.
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KEYWORD
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Schizophrenia, Consciousness, Quantum theory, Microtubules
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