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KMID : 1034820230190010155
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Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
2023 Volume.19 No. 1 p.155 ~ p.163
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Valrubicin decreases cell proliferation in gastric cancer through the apoptosis induction
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Bae Jang-Mi
Kim Won-Jin
Kim Woong
Kim Seok-Jun
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Abstract
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Background : Gastric cancer is the most common cancer worldwide as of 2020, with a high incidence and mortality. Drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin, are used as chemotherapy for gastric cancer. The 5-FU inhibits cell proliferation through inducing apoptosis. Valrubicin (N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate), also known as VALSTAR®, is generally used as a chemotherapeutic agent for bladder cancer. Although the mechanism of valrubicin has not been elucidated, there are experimental data that inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells.
Objective : We confirmed the effects of valrubicin treatment on the growth of gastric cancer cells. Valrubicin inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cell lines. In addition, we confirmed changes in the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in valrubicin-treated gastric cancer cells. We then evaluated its therapeutic effect compared with that of 5-FU.
Results : We confirmed that the proliferation of the six gastric cancer cell lines used in this study decreased after treatment with valrubicin in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, YCC-2 and SNU-668 cells led to the greatest cell growth inhibition upon valrubicin treatment. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining confirmed that valrubicin increased apoptosis rate, and the TUNEL assay confirmed an increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells. We also used RT-PCR and western blotting to confirm that valrubicin treatment affected the gene and protein expression of apoptosis-related genes. Finally, 5-FU and valrubicin were used as single treatments to compare their anti-cancer effects.
Conclusion : Based on these results, valrubicin not only inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation, but also suppresses cancer cell growth by inducing the apoptosis pathway. Thus, valrubicin is an anti-cancer drug with potential applications in gastric cancer.
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KEYWORD
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Valrubicin, Apoptosis, Gastric cancer, 5-FU
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