|
KMID : 1034820230190010187
|
|
Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
2023 Volume.19 No. 1 p.187 ~ p.203
|
|
|
Combination of naringenin and epicatechin sensitizes colon carcinoma cells to anoikis via regulation of the epithelial?mesenchymal transition (EMT)
|
|
Muzaffer Dukel
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
Background : Anoikis is a programmed cell death mechanism that supports tissue integrity, and resistance to anoikis is a vital hallmark for metastatic cancer cells. Flavonoids seem to be important in cancer treatment via effecting several anticancer pathways, including apoptosis.
Objective : Despite several studies on anticancer effect of flavonoids for various cancers, little is known as to how flavonoids cooperate with each other to regulate detachment-induced death of colon cancer cells. We performed MTT assays to test cytotoxic effects of these flavonoids on colon cancer cells. To test cell death type for flavonoids treated cells, we used Annexin V and Hoechst 33342. In addition, protein levels were analyzed via western blot in all experimental groups.
Results : In this study, we examined the effect of naringenin/epicatechin combination in both the attached and suspended colon carcinoma cell lines. MTT data showed that combination of these flavonoids presented a stronger cytotoxic effect than each flavonoid alone, and this combination more significantly induced anoikis upon cell detachment. Our results have also demonstrated that combined treatment of these flavonoids suppresses metastatic characteristics such as colony formation, cell invasion, and migration. In addition, we observed that the naringenin/epicatechin combination significantly decreased cell survival under detached conditions in colon cancer cells by regulating cell survival proteins. Furthermore, immunoblot data has indicated that the combination of naringenin and epicatechin suppresses cell survival and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colon carcinoma cells.
Conclusion : In summary, our findings showed that the naringenin/epicatechin combination sensitized colon carcinoma cells to anoikis.
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
|
Anoikis, Naringenin, Epicatechin, Colon cancer, EMT
|
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
|
|
|