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KMID : 1038720220330040114
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Progress in Medical Physics
2022 Volume.33 No. 4 p.114 ~ p.120
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Monte Carlo Investigation of Dose Enhancement due to Gold Nanoparticle in Carbon-12, Helium-4, and Proton Beam Therapy
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Ahn Sang-Hee
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Abstract
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Purpose: Particle beam therapy is advantageous over photon therapy. However, adequately delivering therapeutic doses to tumors near critical organs is difficult. Nanoparticle-aided radiation therapy can be used to alleviate this problem, wherein nanoparticles can passively accumulate at higher concentrations in the tumor tissue compared to the surrounding normal tissue. In this study, we investigate the dose enhancement effect due to gold nanoparticle (GNP) when Carbon-12, He-4, and proton beams are irradiated on GNP.
Methods: First, monoenergetic Carbon-12 and He-4 ion beams of energy of 283.33 MeV/u and 150 MeV/u, respectively, and a proton beam of energy of 150 MeV were irradiated on a water phantom of dimensions 30 cm×30 cm×30 cm. Subsequently, the secondary-particle information generated near the Bragg peak was recorded in a phase-space (phsp) file. Second, the obtained phsp file was scaled down to a nanometer scale to irradiate GNP of diameter 50 nm located at the center of a 4 μm×4 μm×4 μm water phantom. The dose enhancement ratio (DER) was calculated in intervals of 1 nm from the GNP surface.
Results: The DER of GNP computed at 1 nm from the GNP surface was 4.70, 4.86, and 4.89 for Carbon-12, He-4, and proton beams, respectively; the DER decreased rapidly with increasing distance from the GNP surface.
Conclusions: The results indicated that GNP can be used as radiosensitizers in particle beam therapy. Furthermore, the dose enhancement effect of the GNP absorbed by tumor cells can aid in delivering higher therapeutic doses.
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KEYWORD
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Gold nanoparticle, Dose enhancement, Monte Carlo simulation, Radiosensitizer, Particle beam therapy
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