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KMID : 1100820110010040227
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Laboratory Medicine Online
2011 Volume.1 No. 4 p.227 ~ p.231
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A Case of Therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasm after Successful Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
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Kwon Ae-Rin
Park Ji-Young
Kwon Jung-Hye
Song Hun-Ho
Shin Kyu-Sung
Lee Young-Kyung
Cho Hyoun-Chan
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Abstract
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is considered as a curative disease after combined chemotherapy based on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and anthracycline. However, as long-term survivors continue to increase, reports on sporadic cases of therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) after successful APL treatment are also increasing. Recently, we have experienced one patient who developed t-MN 7 yr after APL diagnosis. Even though he had not been exposed to alkylating agents at all, he showed alkylating agents-associated features such as long latency period (>5 yr), first presentation as myelodysplatic phase (multilineage dysplasia with increased blasts), and complex karyotype including monosomy 5 and 7. He received only supportive care and expired 3 months after the diagnosis of t-MN (6 months of survival after the onset of cytopenias). t-MN after complete remission of APL is a rare but fatal complication, and patients with complex karyotypes show ominous prognosis in particular. For the early diagnosis of t-MN, long-term and close monitoring of the patient is needed. One should suspect this late complication whenever any unknown cytopenia develops, and should perform bone marrow biopsy and cytogenetic analysis.
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KEYWORD
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Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm, Acute promyelocytic leukemia, Alkylating agents
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