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KMID : 1101620220330010009
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Perinatology
2022 Volume.33 No. 1 p.9 ~ p.14
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Brain Injuries in Term Infants with Respiratory Distress Immediately after Birth
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Jung Na-Young
Lee Ju-Young
Lee Ga-Hee
Nam Soo-Kyung
Jun Yong-Hoon
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Abstract
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Objective: We aimed to identify the prevalence of brain injuries and its associated factors in term infants with respiratory distress.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 98 infants born after 36 weeks’ gestation, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a chief complaint of respiratory distress between January 2015 and December 2019. Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings, baseline demographics, and clinical characteristics were compared between infants with and without brain injuries.
Results: The proportion of infants having brain injuries among term infants with respiratory distress was 46.9% (46/98). The 1-minute Apgar scores (median [interquartile range]) were significantly lower (8 [5.0-9.0] vs. 9 [7.5-9.0], P=0.033) and maternal placental abruption was more frequent (6 [13.0%] vs. 1 [1.9%], P=0.049) in infants with brain injuries. Respiratory rates were lower (67 [48-78]/min vs. 78 [60-90]/min, P=0.009) and metabolic acidosis was more severe (pH: 7.21 [7.13-7.26] vs. 7.24 [7.20-7.30], P=0.027; base excess: -4.2 [-13.1 to -1.8] mEq/L vs. -2.7 [-5.5 to -1.2] mEq/L, P=0.072) in infants with brain injuries compared with infants without brain injuries.
Conclusion: Brain injury occurred in about half of the infants with unexpected respiratory distress immediately after birth. More severe metabolic acidosis, which was not compensated for by tachypnea, was associated with brain injuries in term infants. Preemptive evaluation is necessary to identify brain injuries in infants with respiratory distress.
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KEYWORD
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Respiratory insufficiency, Respiratory distress syndrome, Infant, Brain injuries
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