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KMID : 1120220200110050319
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Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
2020 Volume.11 No. 5 p.319 ~ p.326
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Immunological Profile and Bacterial Drug Resistance in Pregnant Women: A Cross Sectional Study
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Ngalani Ornella J. T.
Marbou Wiliane J. T.
Mbaveng Armelle Tsafack
Kuete Victor
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Abstract
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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the immunological and bacterial profiles in pregnant women of Bafang-Cameroon.
Methods: Stool and midstream urine were cultured using specific culture media. The disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. T-cell lymphocyte counts (CD3, CD4 and CD8), white blood cell counts, sensitive C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, were measured by flow cytometry, optical detection, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay solid phase direct sandwich method.
Results: Out of 700 participants, 71.43% were pregnant, and 28.57% were non-pregnant women. The mean age was 29.40 ± 8.27 and 27.41 ± 6.55 years in non-pregnant and pregnant women, respectively. CD4 T-cells were not significantly lower in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women. There were 43.65% and 56.35% bacteria isolates obtained from urine and stool samples, respectively. Bacteria were mostly isolated in patients with a CD4 T-cell count between 461 and 806 cells/μL. Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter aerogenes showed 100% resistance in non-pregnant women, however all isolated bacteria were shown to be multidrug resistant in pregnant women. Salmonella sp. (24.3%) and Escherichia coli (21.51%) showed an increase in multidrug resistant phenotypes in pregnant women.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that routine bacteriological analysis during pregnancy is necessary for their follow-up care.
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KEYWORD
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antibiotic resistance, immunology, pregnancy
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