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KMID : 1120220240150010033
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Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
2024 Volume.15 No. 1 p.33 ~ p.44
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Impact of long COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress disorder as modified by health literacy: an observational study in Vietnam
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Han Thi Vo
Tien Duc Dao
Tuyen Van Duong
Tan Thanh Nguyen
Binh Nhu Do
Tinh Xuan Do
Khue Minh Pham
Vinh Hai Vu
Linh Van Pham
Lien Thi Hong Nguyen
Lan Thi Huong Le
Hoang Cong Nguyen
Nga Hoang Dang
Trung Huu Nguyen
Anh The Nguyen
Hoan Van Nguyen
Phuoc Ba Nguyen
Hoai Thi Thanh Nguyen
Thu Thi Minh Pham
Thuy Thi Le
Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen
Cuong Quoc Tran
Kien Trung Nguyen
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Abstract
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Objectives: The incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased, particularly among individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Health literacy is considered a “social vaccine” that helps people respond effectively to the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the association between long COVID-19 and PTSD, and to examine the modifying role of health literacy in this association.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers in Vietnam from December 2021 to October 2022. We recruited 4,463 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 infection for at least 4 weeks. Participants provided information about their sociodemographics, clinical parameters, health-related behaviors, health literacy (using the 12-item short-form health literacy scale), long COVID-19 symptoms and PTSD (Impact Event Scale-Revised score of 33 or higher). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations and interactions.
Results: Out of the study sample, 55.9% had long COVID-19 symptoms, and 49.6% had PTSD. Individuals with long COVID-19 symptoms had a higher likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63?2.12; p<0.001). Higher health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97?0.99; p=0.001). Compared to those with long COVID-19 symptoms and the lowest health literacy score, those with long COVID-19 symptoms and a 1-point health literacy increment had a 3% lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96?0.99; p=0.001).
Conclusion: Health literacy was found to be a protective factor against PTSD and modified the negative impact of long COVID-19 symptoms on PTSD.
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KEYWORD
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Health literacy, Long COVID-19, Observational study, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Vietnam
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