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KMID : 1140320220060040193
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Precision and Future Medicine
2022 Volume.6 No. 4 p.193 ~ p.208
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Clinical effectiveness and prospects of methylene blue: A systematic review
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Seitkazina Assel
Yang Jin-Kyoung
Kim Se-Hoon
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Abstract
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Methylene blue (MB) is a well-known pharmaceutical ingredient that is thought to have a multi-targeted therapeutic effect as an anti-malarial and neuroprotective agent and has recently been identified as a treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, we present an overview of relevant clinical trials, including ongoing trials, on the therapeutic uses of MB. A search for clinical trials on clinicaltrials.gov was performed using the terms “methylene blue” and “methylthionine chloride.” This review focuses on clinical trials of MB-based therapies applied to brain diseases, cancer imaging and diagnosis, infectious diseases such as malaria or COVID-19, and cardiovascular diseases. Nanoparticle-based delivery techniques have also been briefly discussed in addition to common delivery methods.
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KEYWORD
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Diagnostic imaging, Methylene blue, Photochemotherapy, Photosensitizing agents, Reactive oxygen species
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