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KMID : 1140320240080010019
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Precision and Future Medicine
2024 Volume.8 No. 1 p.19 ~ p.22
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Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome associated with onconeural autoantibodies: report of two cases
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Panagiotis Kalmoukos
Christina Kouparani
Nikoletta Moscha
Dimitrios Kouroupis
Evangelia Giza
Georgios Sapouridis
Elisavet Simoulidou
Anna Varouktsi
Sofia Chatzimichailidou
Konstantinos Petidis
Athina Pyrpasopoulou
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Abstract
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Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are rare and often severe neurological complications of malignancies, significantly impacting patient prognosis and quality of life. They are characterized by a diverse range of onconeural autoantibodies, with further discoveries likely due to ongoing research. Among these, high-risk autoantibodies primarily target intracellular neural cell antigens. We present cases of lung cancer patients who developed limbic encephalitis and seizures at diagnosis, suggestive of PNS. Each case demonstrated distinct autoantibody profiles. Recognition of these potentially life-altering neurological sequelae, as paraneoplastic manifestations of malignancies, is crucial for physicians. PNS may precede primary cancer diagnosis and substantially affect patient presentation and overall outcome. We provide in detail the diagnostic work-up and available treatment options for these complex cases.
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KEYWORD
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Anti-Hu, Anti-Zic4 antibodies, Limbic encephalitis, Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, Small cell lung carcinoma
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