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KMID : 1141720160040020003
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폐쇄성폐질환
2016 Volume.4 No. 2 p.3 ~ p.3
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Kim Yoon-Keun
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Abstract
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The role of infectious agents in the etiology of inflammatory once believed to be non-infectious is increasingly being recognized. Many bacterial components in indoor dust can evoke inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Bacteria secrete nanometer-sized vesicles into the extracellular milieu. which are pathophysiologically related to inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Microbiota compositions in indoor dust revealed the presence of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In terms of extracellular vesicles (EVs) compositions in indoor dust, five genus were predominant: Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Nicotiana, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus. These data indicate that microbiota-derived EV are present in our environments and may be related to pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. E. coli is a model organism of gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. E. coli-derived EV were present in indoor dust. In vivo application of the EV induced uptake by airway epithelial cells and also by alveolar macrophages, which elicits pulmonary inflammation accompanied by up-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators. Repeated inhalation of E. coli-derived EV caused neutrophilic inflammation and emphysema in a dose-dependent manner. These phenotypes were accompanied by the production of both Th1 and Th17 cells. Additionally, emphysema induced by E. coli-derived EV was partially eliminated by the absence of IFN-gamma or IL-17. Taken together, EVs in indoor dust, especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria, appear to be an important causative agent in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma and/or emphysema.
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KEYWORD
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Extracellular vesicle, Indoor dust, Inflammatory pulmonary disease, COPD, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae
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