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KMID : 1143120200100040039
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Asia Pacific Allergy
2020 Volume.10 No. 4 p.39 ~ p.39
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Psychological profiles of patients with suspected drug allergy
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de Castro Eunice Dias
Leblanc Ana
Barbosa Joselina
Ribeiro Laura
Cernadas Josefina R.
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Abstract
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Background: Several studies demonstrate an important association between allergic diseases and patients' psychological characteristics.
Objective: To evaluate any differences in the psychological characteristics of patients studied for suspected drug allergy in comparison with healthy controls. A secondary aim was to assess differences between patients with confirmed versus excluded drug allergy, with respect to the clinical aspects.
Methods: The psychological characteristics of 115 consecutive patients >16 years-old, studied for suspected drug allergy were assessed. They were compared with healthy controls. Four validated questionnaires were used to evaluate anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and personality type.
Results: Eighty-eight patients completed the evaluation: 34 had confirmed drug allergy and 33 excluded. Forty-eight healthy subjects filled the 4 questionnaires. Increased neuroticism was associated with increased odds of belonging to the excluded drug allergy group (odds ratio [OR], 1.374; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.173?1.609). Increased neuroticism (OR, 1.244; 95% CI, 1.065?1.453) and increased anxiety (OR, 1.210; 95% CI, 1.084?1.351) were associated with increased odds of confirmed drug allergy. However, higher extraversion decreased this likelihood (OR, 0.755; 95% CI, 0.643?0.888). The odds of having confirmed drug allergy was reduced by 79.7% (OR, 0.203; 95% CI, 0.060?0.694) for patients with 2 suspected drugs and by 84.6% (OR, 0.154; 95% CI, 0.029?0.809) for those with ≥3 in comparison to those with only one. Patients with moderate to severe reactions were more likely to have confirmed drug allergy (OR, 4.295; 95% CI, 1.105?16.693) than those with milder manifestations.
Conclusion: Our results highlight that patients with drug allergy have a distinctive psychological profile. Psychological assessment may help to identify patients that would benefit from a targeted intervention.
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KEYWORD
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Drug allergy, Psychological assessment, Anxiety, Depression, Alexithymia, Personality type
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