KMID : 1160620210260010021
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Preventive Nutrition and Food Science 2021 Volume.26 No. 1 p.21 ~ p.29
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Evaluation of Zinc and Homocysteine Status in Pregnant Women and Their Association with Pre-eclampsia in Jordan
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Al-Sakarneh Nawal Ahmad
Mashal Rima Hussein
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Abstract
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Pre-eclampsia (PE) is considered a major complication of pregnancy. Hyperhomocyteinemia (H-Hcy) has been proposed to be associated with a number of placenta-mediated diseases, such as PE. Zinc (Zn) is involved in the regulation of total homocysteine (Hcy) levels. A case-control study design was used to examine serum Zn and Hcy statuses, and their association to PE risk. Thirty pregnant women with PE 21¡35 years of age, and 30 matched healthy pregnant women were recruited from Amman, Jordan. Plasma Hcy was measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Zn was measured using atomic absorption. Hcy levels were significantly higher among women with PE compared with controls (16.35¡¾0.43 and 7.25¡¾0.21 ¥ìmol/L, respectively; P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in Zn levels between women with PE and controls (65.37¡¾1.27 and 63.71¡¾1.24 ¥ìg/dL, respectively; P>0.05). Blood levels of Hcy (¥ìmol/L) were positively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (¥â=3.54 and ¥â=1.81, respectively; P< 0.05), and Zn levels [odds ratios (OR)=0.84; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.71¡0.98] were significantly associated with PE risk (P<0.05). Although women with PE had significantly higher Hcy levels than controls, H-Hcy was not associated with increased PE risk. However, there was a strong association between severity of hypertension and serum Hcy levels, and serum Zn levels were inversely associated with H-Hcy. The likelihood of PE was significantly higher in women who were Zn deficient compared with healthy controls. To conclude, early management of H-Hcy and associated risk factors may be effective in decreasing the incidence of PE.
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KEYWORD
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hyperhomocysteinemia, pregnancy and pre-eclampsia, total homocysteine, zinc
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