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KMID : 1160620230280030370
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Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
2023 Volume.28 No. 3 p.370 ~ p.376
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“Nulichal” Barley Extract Suppresses Nitric Oxide and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Lipopolysaccharides in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cell Line
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Han Ji-Su
Ham Ju-Ri
Lee Mi-Ja
Lee Hyun-Jin
Son Young-Jin
Lee Mi-Kyung
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Abstract
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The cultivar “Nulichal,” a type of naked waxy barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Korea, in 2010. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of the “Nulichal” ethanol extract (NRE) using various assays. The NRE exhibited a total phenolic content of 7.55±0.30 mg gallic acid equivalent/g and a flavonoid content of 1.74±0.08 mg rutin equivalent/g. Cell viability assays showed no toxicity of NRE on RAW264.7 macrophage cells up to concentrations of 500 μg/mL. The NRE (300 and 500 μg/mL) significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). It also down-regulated the mRNA expression and protein levels of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the NRE treatment significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, and their mRNA expression compared to LPS treatment alone. The NRE demonstrated strong free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The ferric reducing antioxidant power assay also showed increased antioxidant activity with increasing NRE concentrations. These findings suggest that the NRE can be used as a functional food with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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KEYWORD
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antioxidant, barley, inflammation, nitric oxide
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