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KMID : 1200820140140020127
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Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine
2014 Volume.14 No. 2 p.127 ~ p.144
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In vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Smilax zeylanica leaves in wistar rats
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Rajesh Venugopalan
Perumal Perumal
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Abstract
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of methanol extract of Smilax zeylanica leaves on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight) dissolved in 0.1 M cold citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Diabetic rats exhibited increased plasma glucose levels with significant decrease in serum insulin levels. There was an apparent reduction in body weight and significant increase in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin levels with concomitant decrease in serum protein levels. In addition, there was significant elevation in serum urea and creatinine levels in diabetic control animals compared to the control animals. Moreover, with reference to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems, there was significant increase in levels of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney tissues of diabetic animals with concomitant decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione (GSH), vitamin- C and vitamin-E in liver and kidney tissues. Treatment with Smilax zeylanica leaf extract at dose levels of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for a period of 28 days showed a significant ameliorative effect on all biochemical parameters studied. The extract treatment also increased the body weight of diabetic rats significantly compared to diabetic control rats. On other hand, the extract treatment decreased the extent of lipid peroxidation and was able to normalize the activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in liver and kidney tissues. Histological examination of pancreas, liver and kidney too correlated with biochemical observations. Furthermore, the extract did not produce any deleterious effects in extract alone treated groups. The phytochemical and quantitative analysis revealed that the extract was rich in total phenolics and flavonoids. These results suggest that, the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Smilax zeylanica leaf extract might be due to stabilization and increase in all the components of antioxidant system attributed to antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.
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KEYWORD
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Smilax zeylanica leaves, Streptozotocin, Antidiabetic, Lipid peroxidation, Antioxidant activity
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