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KMID : 1200820180180040325
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Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine
2018 Volume.18 No. 4 p.325 ~ p.333
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The comparison of two neolignans isolated from red betel leaf and its extract against macrophage phagocytic activity, the level of AST, and histopathological features of the liver in mice
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Hartini Yustina Sri
Widyarini Sitarina
Nugroho Laurentius Hartanto
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Abstract
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A single active compound isolated from a plant extract may show a lower, equal, or greater activity compared to its extract. The two neolignans (Pc-1 and Pc-2) has been isolated from red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) leaf. The aim of this study was to compare the phagocytic activity of macrophage and histopathological feature in mice treated with Pc-1, Pc-2 and its Pc-extract. Listeria monocytogenes was used to induce Balb/c mice immune response. Peroral administration of Pc-1 and Pc-2 and red betel leaf methanolic Pc-extract were carried out. The phagocytic effect was determined by macrophage phagocytosis and nitric oxide (NO) assays. The morphological feature of liver and kidney were observed using light microscope. The level of apartate transaminase (AST serum) and alanine transaminase (ALT serum) were also measured from the blood serum before and after L. monocytogenes infection. The results shows that the macrophage phagocytic activity of given 450 mg/kg body weight Pc-extract was equal to 5 mg/kg body weight of Pc-1 and Pc-2. The activity pattern of percentage phagocytosis, index phagocytosis, and efficiency phagocytosis of Pc-extract, Pc-1, and Pc-2 were similar, as well as the NO production. A certain dose of Pc-extract and both isolated compound reduced the level of AST while there were no effect on ALT level. There were no histopathological features differences in the liver after treated with Pc-extract and Pc-1. However, Pc-2 treatment caused hydropic degeneration on liver. Therefore it can be concluded that there were equal activity between Pc-extract and the isolated compound in certain dose. The Pc-extract and isolated compound reduced the level of AST while there were no effect on ALT. The only Pc-2 affected the histopathological features of the liver.
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KEYWORD
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Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.), Isolated compound, Pc-extract, Phagocytic, Histopathological
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