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KMID : 1200820200200030367
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Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine
2020 Volume.20 No. 3 p.367 ~ p.372
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Toxological evaluation of Cyperus compressus Linn., a traditionally used anthelmintic plant in India
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Soren Amar Deep
Yadav Arun Kumar
Dhar Errini Decruse
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Abstract
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This study reports the toxicological evaluation findings of Cyperus compressus Linn., (Cyperaceae), whose root decoction is used in India to treat the intestinal helminthic infestations. The acute oral toxicity (AOT) of C. compressus root extract (CRE) was conducted in Swiss mice, following OECD guidelines 407. The sub-acute toxicity study of CRE was undertaken in Wistar rats, using three doses viz., 175, 350 and 700 mg/kg, involving haematological, biochemical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) parameters. AOT study revealed the median lethal dose of CRE to be above 2000 mg/kg. The sub-acute study of CRE revealed elevated levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in male rats, only in high extract-treated group, but the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase was found to be elevated both in male and female animals. TEM studies of kidney and liver of animals also revealed considerable deformities in the nucleus and mitochondria in the form of damages to nuclear membrane, cristae and to double layered membrane of mitochondria, only in the high-extract treated group of animals. The root decoction of C. compressus show presence of toxicity in the highest dose tested animals. Therefore, the use of this plant extract against intestinal helminthiasis raises concerns about its safety.
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KEYWORD
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Cyperus compressus, Anthelmintic, Helminthiasis, Acute toxicity, Sub-acute toxicity
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