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KMID : 1200820210210010143
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Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine
2021 Volume.21 No. 1 p.143 ~ p.150
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Anti-Trypanosoma and toxicity potential of the extracts of Acacia nilotica, Bombax buonopozense and Khaya senegalensis
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Sulaiman F. A.
Iyiola O. A.
Anifowoshe T. A.
Sulaiman A. A.
Bello O. K.
Akinyele T. J.
Jimoh A. M.
Maimako R. F.
Otohinoyi D. A.
Osemwegie O. O.
Adeyemi O. S.
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Abstract
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The Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African trypanosomiasis, a disease that affects both humans and animals. Chemotherapy which forms the major means of control for the disease has several shortcomings such as limited efficacy and adverse side effects amongst others. Thus, motivating the search for better therapies. In this study, extracts of some tropical plants including the Acacia nilotica, Bombax buonopozense and Khaya senegalensis were evaluated for therapeutic and prophylactic potential in mouse model of experimental trypanosomiasis. Both diminazene aceturate and isometamidium chloride were included as reference drugs. Results showed that T. brucei caused an elevation in rat plasma indirect bilirubin and a reduction in rat plasma albumin and total protein which suggest mild hepatic dysfunction due to experimental infection. Data also revealed that the plant extracts significantly reduced the rat parasite burden both in the prophylaxis and therapeutic treatment groups when compared with the negative drug control. The infection and treatments had no adverse effect on the rat organ and body weights. The infection did not alter the activity of rat plasma ALT, AST and ALP compared with the administered extracts of A. nilotica and B. buonopozense. Further, the plant extracts ameliorated some trypanosomiasis-induced pathologies in treated rats compared with negative drug control. Taken together, findings do not only lend credence to the folkloric use of these plants for medicinal purposes but also suggest these plant extracts have potential to serve as alternative source of anti-parasitic agents particularly for the control of trypanosomiasis.
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KEYWORD
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Drug discovery, Infectious diseases, Medicinal plants, Trypanosomiasis, Tsetse fly
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