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KMID : 1225120110030010020
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Vascular Neurology
2011 Volume.3 No. 1 p.20 ~ p.22
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Generation of Patient and Disease Specific Induced Pleuripotent Stem Cells
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Kim Ji-Yeon
Cho Sung-Rae
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Abstract
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A handful of transcription factors such as Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc can convert differentiated cells back to pluripotent state over the course of a few weeks, thus reprogramming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The birth of iPS cells started off a rush among researchers to increase the efficiency of reprogramming process, to reveal the underlying mechanistic events, and to allow the generation of patient- and disease-specific iPS cells, which have the potential to be converted into relevant specialized cell types for disease modeling or replacement therapies. The iPS cells can be generated from cells of different origins such as fibroblasts, keratinocytes, hepatocytes, and blood. They are similar to embryonic stem cells in several aspects such as morphology, expression of pluripotency markers, and the capacity to develop teratoma. As pluripotent stem cells, they can be differentiated into several lineages including neuronal, cardiac, and hematopoietic cells. Therefore, patient-specific iPS cells generated from donors suffering different disorders can be differentiated into the cell type affected by the disease. In addition, these iPS cell-based models can not only be used to study the dynamics of diseases but also as systems to screen new drugs, suggesting that iPS cells promise to be good candidates for regenerative medicine.
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KEYWORD
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Stem cells, Reprogramming, Disease modeling, Regeneration
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