KMID : 1239920170110040265
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Nutrition Research and Practice 2017 Volume.11 No. 4 p.265 ~ p.274
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Anti-inflammatory effects of Nelumbo leaf extracts and identification of their metabolites
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Park Eun-Kyo
Kim Gyoung-Deuck Go Min-Sun Kwon Do-Dan Jung In-Kyung Auh Joong-Hyuck Kim Jung-Hyun
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Nelumbo leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat bleeding, gastritis, hemorrhoids, and halitosis. However, their mechanisms have not been elucidated.
MATERIALS/METHODS: The present study prepared two Nelumbo leaf extracts (NLEs) using water or 50% ethanol. Inflammatory response was induced with LPS treatment, and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-¥á (TNF-¥á), interleukin (IL)-1¥â, and IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) productions were assessed. To determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of NLEs, we measured nuclear factor-¥êB (NF-¥êB) activity. Major metabolites of NLEs were also analyzed and quantified.
RESULTS: NLEs effectively reduced the expression and productions of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1¥â, IL-6, TNF-¥á, PGE2, and NO. NLEs also reduced NF-¥êB activity by inhibiting inhibitor of NF-¥êB phosphorylation. Both extracts contained catechin and quercetin, bioactive compounds of NLEs.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we showed that NLEs could be used to inhibit NF-¥êB-mediated inflammatory responses. In addition, our data support the idea that NLEs can ameliorate disease conditions involving chronic inflammation.
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KEYWORD
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Nelumbo leaf, inflammation, metabolomics, macrophage
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