KMID : 1239920200140060637
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Nutrition Research and Practice 2020 Volume.14 No. 6 p.637 ~ p.653
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Food consumption frequency of Korean adults based on whether or not having chewing difficulty using 2013?2016 KNHANES by sex-stratified comparative analysis
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Kim Mi-Jeong
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between food consumption frequency of Korean adults and self-perceived chewing difficulty, using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, 112 items) from 2013?2016 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were divided into not difficult in chewing (NDC) and difficult in chewing (DC) groups, with 24.17% being classified into DC. Males and females consumed 35 and 37 items less frequently than the other sex, respectively. Due to the remarkable sex difference in food consumption, sex-stratified one-sided survey regression analysis was performed after adjusted for the effect of age, household income, and self-rated health status.
RESULTS: Thirty-four items of FFQ were significantly less consumed by the DC group. Females exclusively consumed less beverages and alcohol while males showed the same for fruits and milk¡¤dairy products. Consumption frequency of 8 items such as steamed potatoes¡¤grilled potatoes, stir fried beef, other kimchi¡¤fresh vegetable kimchi, orange, sour pork¡¤pork cutlet, tteokbokki and green tea were significant only in males. In contrast, 17 items including cooked rice with other grains and legumes, boiled egg¡¤steamed egg, Korean cabbage kimchi, banana, and tofu stew¡¤soft tofu stew were significant only for females. Finally, items that showed significance for both were 9 items including loaf bread, ready-to-eat cereal, steamed sweet potatoes¡¤grilled sweet potatoes, stir-fried lotus roots¡¤stir-fried burdock, green laver salad¡¤brown seaweed salads, apples, tomato¡¤cherry tomatoes, squid (raw, dried shredded, boiled, stir-fried), and curd type yogurt.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings in this study suggest chewing difficulty may be an important nutritional issue that has to be dealt with for healthful food consumption, with distinct interest of sex.
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KEYWORD
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Chewing, food, questionnaire, nutrition surveys, Korea, adults
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