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KMID : 1813520190080020044
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Journal of the Korean Glaucoma Society
2019 Volume.8 No. 2 p.44 ~ p.53
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Depression Risk among Patients with Open-angle Glaucoma: a 10-year Follow-up Nationwide Cohort Study
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Lee Sang-Yeop
Rim Hyung-Taek
Bae Hyoung-Won
Seong Gong-Je
Kim Seung-Soo
Kim Chan-Yun
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Abstract
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Purpose : To evaluate the development of depression after the initial open-angle glaucoma (OAG) diagnosis.
Methods : OAG and control groups were extracted from 1,025,340 subjects who were randomly selected from the entire population of South Korea in 2002. OAG was defined as subjects who 1) were diagnosed with OAG, 2) performed more than one visual field test, and 3) had multiple anti-glaucoma prescriptions. The OAG group was composed of patients with an initial OAG diagnosis between January 2004 and December 2007 (n = 1,523) and the control group was composed of randomly selected patients (five per OAG patient; n = 7,615) who were matched to the OAG group according to age, sex, residential area, household income, year of initial OAG diagnosis, and Charlson comorbidity index score. Patients who were diagnosed with depression before the enrollment date, between 2004 and 2008, were excluded. The selected cases and controls were tracked until 2013. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed. The predictive value of OAG for the risk of depression was determined using hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) and was adjusted for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities.
Results : Depression developed in 12.3% of the OAG group and in 8.4% of the control group (p < 0.001). OAG was associated with increased rates of depression (HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.24?1.72). In the entire cohort, higher Charlson comorbidity index scores, older age, and female sex had higher rates of depression. However, in the OAG group, the risk for depression was greater in men (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.34?2.15, p < 0.001) than in women (HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.02?1.61, p=0.032).
Conclusions : Patients who were diagnosed with OAG were more likely to have experienced subsequent depression than the sociodemographic- and comorbidity-matched control group, and this risk of depression was more pronounced in men.
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KEYWORD
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Depression, Glaucoma, NHIS-NSC 2002?2013, Charlson comorbidity index, Open-angle glaucoma
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