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KMID : 1039620120020020104
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Korean Journal of Family Practice
2012 Volume.2 No. 2 p.104 ~ p.111
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Prostate Cancer Screenin
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Kim Yeol
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Abstract
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Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among the male population in western countries. Recently, the prevalence of prostate cancer is also increasing in Korea. Prostate cancer has a high prevalence rate, but low mortality rate because of slow progression. For this reason, there have been controversies about the effectiveness of prostate cancer screening. Randomized control trials for assessing the effectiveness of prostate cancer screening have been performed in Europe and the US. The European Randomized Study of Prostate Cancer reported that the prostate cancer mortality rate was 20% lower in the screening group than in the control group, but there was no difference in all-cause mortality between both groups. The Prostate, Lung, Colon, and Ovarian Trial, which was performed in the US, reported that prostate cancer is diagnosed more through the screening, but there was no difference in mortality between the screening group and the control group. Prostate cancer screening by prostate specifi c antigen has a low positive predictive value. Moreover, there are many side effects related to prostate biopsy and cancer treatment after screening. In light of such evidence, the US Preventive Services Task Force recently released a statement against prostate cancer screening. Most guidelines regarding prostate cancer screening recommend that physicians share with patient information on both benefi cial and harmful aspects of screening.
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KEYWORD
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Prostatic Neoplasms, Mass Screening, Prostate Specifi c Antigen, Guideline
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