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KMID : 1039620140040010007
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Korean Journal of Family Practice
2014 Volume.4 No. 1 p.7 ~ p.14
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Clinical Applications of Vitamin D
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Joo Nam-Seok
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Abstract
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Vitamin D deficiency is a very common health problem and it is known to be associated with diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers as well as bone health such as osteoporosis. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations of <20 ng/mL, 20 to 30 ng/mL, and >30 ng/mL are defined as deficiency, insufficiency, and suffi ciency, respectively. The optimal serum 25(OH)D concentration for the protection of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is considered to be 20 to 36 ng/mL, and not exceeding 40 ng/mL. A simple method to raise serum 25(OH)D concentration is sun-exposure during the sunny season, at 10 am to 2 pm, for 20 to 30 minutes; however, most modern citizens have an indoor lifestyle and not enough time for sun-exposure, which is one of the important causes of vitamin D defi ciency. Correction of vitamin D defi ciency should be approached according to individual characteristics and dose of supplementation should be followed by their serum 25(OH)D. Usually, 100 IU vitamin D supplementation per day can raise serum 25(OH)D by 1 ng/mL and 1,000 to 2,000 IU per day is recommended in healthy adults. In the case of the obese, three or four times the usual vitamin D dose is necessary to raise serum 25(OH)D by their excess body fat contents. Pregnant women can also ingest up to 4,000 IU of vitamin D per day, which is the amount recommended for healthy delivery and fetal bone health. For growing children, 1,000 to 2,000 IU of vitamin D is recommended for healthy bone growth.
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KEYWORD
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Vitamin D Defi ciency, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Bone Density, Cardiovascular Diseases
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