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KMID : 1039620170070020228
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Korean Journal of Family Practice
2017 Volume.7 No. 2 p.228 ~ p.232
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Relationship between Asymptomatic Hyponatremia with Fracture in Elderly
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Choi Hyun-Jung
Gwak Jung-Im
Shin Jun-Seob
Nam Ji-Wan
Yun So-Jung
An Hyung-Joon
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Abstract
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Background: Asymptomatic hyponatremia is an electrolyte imbalance that occurs frequently in the elderly. It is associated with mild cognitive impairment, which results in gait disturbances and a higher frequency of falls. The association between mild hyponatremia and fractures remains unknown.
Methods: We performed a case-control study between January 2014 and November 2015. The cases were 512 ambulatory patients aged 65 years or older who had been admitted to the hospital after sustaining a fracture secondary to an incidental fall. Another 512 ambulatory patients without any previous fractures were enrolled as age- and sex- matched controls.
Results: There were a total of 1,024 age- and sex-matched subjects. The serum sodium level was lower in the fracture group than in the non-fracture group (P<0.001). The prevalence of hyponatremia (serum sodium <135 mEq/L) was 8.0% in patients with fractures, and 3.9% in the control group (P=0.006). Hyponatremia was mild and asymptomatic in all patients, and was an independent risk factor for sustaining a fracture after an accidental fall (odds ratio 2.076, 95% confidence interval=1.124-3.833; P<0.001).
Conclusion: Asymptomatic hyponatremia is associated with fractures in the ambulatory elderly population. Treating hyponatremia and avoiding drug-induced hyponatremia may reduce the risk of fractures in the elderly.
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KEYWORD
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Elderly, Accidental Falls, Fracture, Hyponatremia
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