KMID : 0363220210590030212
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Korean Journal of Dermatology 2021 Volume.59 No. 3 p.212 ~ p.216
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Hypersensitivity Reactions to Contrast Media Used in Computed Tomography in Korea
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Kang Hyun-Jin
Lee Kyung-Ho Park Chul-Jong
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Abstract
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Background: Contrast media have been widely used for the diagnosis of numerous diseases. Although they are generally safe, the reported number of hypersensitivity reactions to contrast media has increased annually.
Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions due to intravenous nonionic contrast media. Also, we investigated whether the risk of contrast media-associated hypersensitivity was increased by specific types of contrast agents.
Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients who had hypersensitivity reactions after enhanced computed tomography scans at Bucheon St. Mary¡¯s Hospital, Bucheon, Korea from January 2016 to December 2019.
We classified the hypersensitivity reactions into immediate (£¼1 hour) or delayed (¡Ã1 hour) reactions. All demographic data and information regarding the hypersensitivity reactions were obtained from the electronic medical records.
Results: The overall incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to contrast media was 0.49% (262 cases resulting from 53,733 exposures). The incidence increased annually from 0.19% in 2016 to 0.86% in 2019. Among the 262 cases, 199 cases (76.0%) were immediate-type while the delayed-type accounted for 63 cases (24.0%). The immediate hypersensitivity reaction incidence was not significantly different among contrast agents. However, the incidence of the delayed-type was significantly different (ranging from 0.02% for iomeprol to 0.25% for iodixanol, p£¼0.05).
Conclusion: This study found that the hypersensitivity reaction incidence has increased annually. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions occurred at a higher rate than delayed hypersensitivity reactions. The incidence of delayed hypersensitivity reactions was significantly greater in patients who received iodixanol than in those who received the other types.
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KEYWORD
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Contrast media, Hypersensitivity reactions
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