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KMID : 0376219860230020315
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Chonnam Medical Journal
1986 Volume.23 No. 2 p.315 ~ p.332
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Ultrastructural Changes of the Rat Alveolar Macrophages Following Halothane Anesthesia
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金元泰/Kim, Won-Tae
南種熙/朴種泰/曺圭赫/Nam, Jong-Hee/Park, Jong-Tae/Cho, Kyu-Hyuk
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Abstract
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Halothane was reported to depress pulmonary antibacterial defense mechanisms in vivo and to inhibit reversibly microbicidal oxidative activity and ATP production of the alveolar macrophages in vitro. Yet, no morphological changes of the alveolar macrophages following halothane anesthesia are evaluated.
Young male rats, weighing about 50g, were anesthetized by inhalation of 2% halothane for 4 hours; thereafter, they were given pure oxygen for additional 1 hour till the consciousness recovered. Control rats were inhaled with pure oxygen only the carrier gas, for 5 hours. The lower lobes of both lungs were examined with light and electron microscopes, immediately ´and 1, 3, 6, 12 hours after the anesthesia. The control rats were sacrificed after 5 hours of oxygen inhalation. The results were summarized as follows.
1. The alveolar macrophages increased greatly in number by 3. hours after the anesthesia; after 6 hours, they increased slightly comparing with the control rats. Cellular debris were noted in some alveolar spaces of the rats, up to 1 hour after the anesthesia.
2. Immediately after the anesthesia, the alveolar macrophages contained secondary lysosomes of various structure and vacuoles as well as primary lysosomes. Some alveolar macrophages, 1 and 3 hours after the anesthesia, contained many residual bodies and only few primary lysosomes. After 6 hours of the anesthesia, appeared the alveolar macrophages of young forms with prominent Golgi apparatus and many primary lysosomes.
3. Alveolar septa were normal except for occasional dilatation of the perinuclear cisternae and swelling of the mitochondria of the type II pneumocytes in the rats immediately and 1 hour after the anesthesia. No fine structural evidence for oxygen toxicity was noted both in the anesthetized and control rats.
These results indicated that, by halothane anesthesia, the alveolar macrophages with active phagocytic activity were changed to those of worn-type with decreased phagocytic activity, and that they were replaced by the macrophages of young types. It was suggested that halothane anesthesia accelerated the conversion of the alveolar macrophage into the macrophages of the old types and pulmonary phagocytic activity in general remained active by virtue of replacement by the macrophages of young types.
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