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KMID : 0378019650080090055
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New Medical Journal
1965 Volume.8 No. 9 p.55 ~ p.69
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The Effect of Adrenal Cortical Function on the Estrous Cycle and Ovary
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Abstract
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The firm base.of the interrelation between the adrenal cortex and sexual organs has been established by clinical and experimental studies. The adrenogenital syndrome is one of the most remarkable example of the
´´`relationship. Recent evidences strongly suggested that in some cases adrenal hyperfunction might be the basic use ´involved in the several clinical entities associated with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome which . was haracterized by menstrual irregularities, obesity, often amenorrhea and variable hirstism. It was also reported
t in many patients having hirstism and infertility cortisone therapy induced ressumption or increased regularity f`.:ovulation and pregnancies. These results suggest that a considerable number of cases of ovarian dysfunction R .~ be related to the mild disorders of adrenal cortical function.
On the other hand, many experimental works have been presented clarifying the interrelation between adrenal
x and sexual organs. Among these, Selye pointed that systemic stress (muscular exercise) induced less
nt anestrus and. ovarian atrophy in the rats. He explained that this anestrous ovulation was the corre-
nding changes in women that had been designated as an "amenstrual ovulation",
owever, there is lack of precise data explaining the effect of adrenal cortical function on the estrous cle, the count of ovarian follicles and histological changes of ovary.
ince the predominating increase of the cornified cells in the vaginal smear is the criterion of estrus, the
cept of prolongation or inhibition of estrous cycle should be critically analyzed by the data based on the
t _,of cornified cells. Since the variation- of cornified cells are determinant of the amount of estrogenic
ones, the accurate observation of the number of ovarian follicles and morphological changes of the source
the hormone such as theca interna, granulosa cell layer and interstitial tissue gland of ovary are necessary
;`observe the precise effect of adrenal cortical functions. Up-to-date such reports deserving to refer were not
nted. Therefore the authors intended to observe the intact and adrenalectomized rats treated with either
n or corticoids. Decision of the estrous cycle´ was made by calculating the cornified cells in the
smears. Normal and atretic follicles in the serial sections of ovary were counted. Formalin, cortisone
adrenalectomy produced numerous increase of atretic form from both developing and Graafian follicles
;beside unexpected evident findings of direct transformations of the atretic theca interna into interstitial
anal sgnear was performed in a ;norm to th formalw, cortisone, d r A `the a Hale
O P f4 .; .
tomized in or in ,the adre[ialectomized treated vnith form" foort-sone an OCA, e results were
as follows.
fr 1) In the normal_ rats, formalin, cortisone and DOCA inhibit the estrous cycle and formalin is most powerful!
;i. in the inhibiting effect.
2) In the adrenalectomized rats, the estrous cycle becomes irregular, and cortisone and DOCA correct the irregularity, but formalin does not change the` irregularity.
3) The changes in the number of cornified:cells are in accordance with the degree of inhibition and irreg-. ularity of estrous cycle.
Part II; since the variation of the number of cornified cells are dependent on the secreting amount of_ the estrogenic hormones in vivo, the chief source of these hormones were investigated. The calculation of developing and Graafian follicles was performed in the serial sections of the ovaries from the same experimental groups of rats as part I. The results were, as follows.
1) In the normal rats, formalin increases the number of atretic developing and Graafian follicles and deer-eases the number of normal developing and Graafian follicles. Continued injection of formalin, however, lessens the above mentioned effect.
2) In the normal rats, the cortisone produces the same effect on the number of follicles with formalin, but repeated injections of cortisone produce profound effect.
3) In the normal rats, DOCA induces, mild effect on the variation of the number of follicles, but repeated
injections induce prominent decrease of normal follicles. Y,
4) In adrenalectomized rats, formalin does not induce any noticiable effect on the number of follicles, but the j changes of number of follicles following adrenalectomy return to normal by cortisone and DOCA.
Part III; to confirm the relative variation,of amount of -estrogenic hormones and to study the detailes of atretic changes and the mode of transformation of theca _ interna into interstitial glands histological and histochemical observations of lipids were performed in the-ovary obtained from the same rats of the part I and - II.
1) The basophilic interstitial ground substance in corpus luteum capsule and stroma of ovary and degeneration of interstitial glands-are the characteristic changes following the injection of cortisone.
2) In the adrenalectomized rats the granulosa cells are enlarged having vesicular nuclei, and interstitial glands show more intensified reaction to the Sudan III, Baker test and Schultz method.
3) In the adrenalectomized rats, DOCA intensifies the metamorphic changes of granulosa cells which appear following adrenalectomy and induces the partial modification of granulosa cells into fibrocytes.
4) Many intermediate stages of transformation of theca.interna into interstitial glands are confirmed in this´: studies.
5) Cortisone and DOCA reduce the reaction of interstitial glands to Schultz method.
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KEYWORD
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