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KMID : 0378019770200040117
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New Medical Journal
1977 Volume.20 No. 4 p.117 ~ p.126
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A Study on the Socio-medical Status of the Small-Scale Clothing Manufacturing Workers in Cheongge-Markets Area
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조정식/Cho, Jeong-Shik
Quinn, Joyce/최영태/맹광호/--/Choi, Young-Tai/Meng, Kwang-ho
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Abstract
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The interrelationship between socio-economic development and.. health was until. recently of more concern to health workers than to economists.
Socio-economic conditions have long been known to influence health; now serious attention is being given to the, contribution of health to socio-economic development.
The health effects to socio-economic development can be categorized with two types: (a) better personal health care and nutrition increase the productivity of the individual; and (b) large-scale health programs increase the pace of regional development ass a whole.
In that since, health of the workers in industries is truly needed. -
Small industries, in particular, have great significance in the socio-economic development and the trend of labor population in developing countries. Their various aspects, such as economy, administration, technology, etc. have, been studied extensively in the past; but their most important side-safety and health-has been regelected so far.
In as much as the industrial hazards and occupational diseases in an industrial establishment have a close connection with the type of industry, the degree of superannuation of facilities, and the existence or absence of preventive measures, it can hardly be said that small industries have usually a larger rate of industrial hazards and occupational diseases. However, it is true that the small enterprises have more problems to be tackled compared with larger ones.
This study was planned to briefly figure out the socio-medical status of the workers in small-scale industries.
For this study, 3042 workers who are working in small-scale clothing manufacturing industries (which have less than 15 workers) in Cheongge-Markets area were sampled. Questionnaire method was adopted for this study and the survey took one month of period in early 1977.
The major findings obtained from this study were as follows:
1) General characteristics;
(1) 80.8% of total workers were female.
(2) 52.0% of total workers were less than 20 years of age.
(3) 62.2% workers had less than primary school education.
(4) 76.8% of workers were un-married and the rate for female was 85.1%
(5) 35.0% of total workers were grown up at the rural area (Myon level) and the place of birth of 27% of workers was Honam province.
(6) 36. 1% of the workers were living separately from their families and 50.9% of them were self-cooking.
(7) 58.5% of total workers had been working in the present plant for less than one year, and 85. 9% of workers had chosen their jobs there through the introduction of their friends/ relatives.
(8) 42.6% of all workers ever changed the plants during the past one year. Among them, 61.2% changed once and 24.2% changed twice.
2) Working conditions;
(1) those who were working around 8 hours per day were only 33.8% and 25.5% total workers were working more than 12 hours per day. And those who had night shifts were only 1.7°% among all workers.
(2) 34.3% of all workers were receiving from 26,000 won to 30,000 won as their monthly salaries and 33.0% were receiving less than 20, 000 won per month. Monthly income was highly related with age and educational level.
(3) Dust, noise and bad illumination were hazardous conditions subjectively raised by the workers.
(4) 79.6% workers were complaining that they were not having adequate intermission (rest time) and 87.7% were complaining of not having adequate sports/recreation facilities. .3) Present and past history of illness;
(1) 21.6% of all workers had past history of illness which had lasted for more than 7 days. 28.3% of them still had physical and/or functional impairments due to those past illnesses.
.(2) 41.9% of workers were complaining of various physical symptoms and total self-awared complaints from them were 2344 spells. The point prevalence rate of self-awared complaints -were 77.0%. Major complaints were dizziness (due to anemia), headache, pain on lower extremities and lumbago. The proportions of those complaints were 17.9%, 15.6%, 10.5% and 10. 0% respectively.
-(30 48.2% of those who had physical symptoms were utilizing health facilities. Among them only 15.4% were visiting clinics and the rest were visiting drug stores.
(4) 31.2% of workers had patients among their family members and 61.6% of the patients were either fathers or mothers. only 38.5% of the patients were receiving adequate medical care.
-4) Smoking, drinking habits and drug dependency;
Among all workers, 11.8% were smoking 15.8% were drinking alchole, and 13.6% were using drugs. Among smokers, 86.3% were male. Drugs the workers were using were aspirin (53.1%), CNS Stimulants (13.4%) and Sleeping pills (10.8%).
5) Pre-employment and annual periodic physical examination ;
(1) Those who received pre-employment physical examination were only 31.2% and those who received annual periodic physical examination were 52.6%.
(2) Among 1,600 workers those who received periodic physical examination last year, 5.8%. were told that their chest films showed shadows showing pulmonary tuberculosis but only 13 workers (14.8%) were being treated.
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