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KMID : 0378019770200110081
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New Medical Journal
1977 Volume.20 No. 11 p.81 ~ p.87
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An Experimental Study of the Effect of Surgical Removal of the Mandibular Condyle on the Growing Mandible of the Rats
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Abstract
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine how much mandibular condylar growth contributes to the growth of the mandible. Twenty rats were used in this experimental procedure. Because the growth activity of the mandibular condyle is greatest during early life, the youngest rats obtainable were ordered. The animals were anesthetized with 3.5% Chloral hydrate (lml/100 gm of body weight) administered intraperitoneally. The skin surrounding the region of the condyle was shaved. By means of a sterile surgical technique, the skin and subcutaneous tissue were incised anterior to the tragus of the ear for a distance of about one centimeter. The parotid fascia and gland were reflected. The capsule of the temporomandibular joint was opened and the mandibular condyle was exposed. Because of the width of the condyle and the short neck, it was found that the condyle and part of the neck could be resected more readily by means of a tapered fissure dental bur. The disc was usually not removed. Hemorrhage was controlled. The deep tissues were sutured with 3-0 plain catgut and the skin closed with black silk. No attempt was made to fill the space created by removing the condyle with muscle, fascia or other tissue. The mandible was not fixed to the maxilla in any way. Thus the animal was permitted free use of the jaws at all times. Three months after surgery, the rats were sacrificed, after which skull and mandible were removed and cleaned by boiling in a solution of potassium hydroxide. The results were as follows; 1. The bony growths in the area of the resection of the mandibular condyle could not always be observed. 2. In the animals in which only one condyle was removed the height of the ramus of that side was markedly shorter than on the unoperated side. The length of the body of the mandible is not altered by the resection of the mandibular condyle of the rats. The resection of the mandibular condyle in a group of young rats produced a serious interference with the growth of the ramus of the mandible. 3. On the operated side, the articular surface of the mandibular fossa is placed the anterior position as compared with the control animals. The around of the articular surfaces in the operated side showed the increased anticular area and irregularity. 4. The mandibular condyle is an important growth center of the mandible. In the human being the consequences of injury to this area may be even more extensive than in the experimental animals. It is for these reasons that operative interference in this area in children should be undertaken only after consideration of its possible effects on the growth of the mandible.
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