To find antitumor components in Korean basidiomycetes, the carpophores of Armillariella mellea which were collected in Gyeong Gi Province were extracted with distilled water at 90¡100¡É for eight hours. The hot water extract was concentrated under reduced pressure, mixed with three-fold volumes of ethanol and allowed to stand at 4¡É overnight. The precipitate was centrifugated and lyophilized to yield a protein-polysaccharide fraction. It was examined for antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 implanted in ICR mice. The fraction showed 75.7%, 83.9% and 94.1% of tumor inhibition ratios at the doses of 10, 20 and 50 §·/§¸/day, respectively. The chemical analysis of the fraction showed that it contained a polysaccharide(41.3%) and a protein(35.0%). The hydrolyzates of the polysaccharide moiety contained fucose(4.5%), xylose (1.1%), galactose(17.4%), glucose(55.4%), mannose(19.4%), and one unknown monosaccharide. The protein moiety contained seventeen amino acids. The protein-polysaccharide from A. mellea was administered, i.p., to mice and caused an influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) at 5¡24 hours which was followed by an accumulation of macrophages and disappearance of the PMN at 48¡72 hours.
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