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KMID : 0379220160360030751
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Journal of Korea Gerontological Society
2016 Volume.36 No. 3 p.751 ~ p.763
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The Effects of Social-Psychological Factors on Cognitive Aging: Effects of Age Stereotypes and Self-Referent Belief
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Lee Ko-Eun
Lee Hye-Won
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Abstract
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In this article, we conducted a literature review about cognitive aging and social-psychological factors that influence cognitive function in old age. As getting older, cognitive function was mostly seen as declining, even though the effect of aging is differential across domains of cognitive ability. The negative view about cognitive aging might be reflecting social-psychological factors such as age stereotypes. Age stereotypes vary among different cultures, but appear to be negative in general. Negative age stereotypes are related to lower level of memory performances. Older adults who were experimentally presented with positive age stereotypes exhibited better memory performances than those with negative age stereotypes. Self-referent belief, appraisals of one’s own cognitive abilities, could also affect actual performance in cognitive tasks. Older adults showed lower self-referent belief than younger adults, and it might explain memory decline in old age. Theoretical explanation and implication about the relationship between social-psychological factors and cognitive abilities were discussed.
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KEYWORD
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cognitive aging, age stereotypes, self-referent belief, cognitive function
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