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KMID : 0390320080180010276
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Chungbuk Medical Journal
2008 Volume.18 No. 1 p.276 ~ p.283
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Electroencephalographic Changes by the Antipsychotic Treatment in Schizophrenic Patients : 3 dimensional source localization
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Shin Chul-Jin
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Abstract
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Purpose: The studies using structural or functional imaging have continuously reported localized abnormalities of schizophrenic brains but those findings are still inconclusive. In spite of the inverse problem, there have been also many efforts to localize the pathology in the brain from the surface electroencephalography. To expand the understandings of electrophysiological characteristics of schizophrenia, we tried to see any changes of the power spectrum of surface EEG during the antipsychotic treatment and to find out the localized brain area which is responsible for those changes using sLORETA software.
Materials & Method: Twenty one schizophrenic patients with acute exacerbation diagnosed by DSM-III-R were recruited from the university hospital. All the patients did not have any history of head trauma, alcohol dependence or epilepsy. The electroencephalography was checked twice, the first and the forth week of the antipsychotic treatment during admission, and the psychopathology was measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The EEG signals from thirteen leads were digitalized with 125 Hz sampling rate and 12 bit resolution. The epochs of 512 points in eyes closed condition at rest were analyzed for the comparison of the two different times during the antipsychotic treatment. Three dimensional source localization and statistical comparisons were performed by sLORETA software.
Results: The severity of psychopathology on PANSS scale was reduced after the treatment (p<0.01), and positive, negative and general psychopathology subscale score were all significantly reduced. In the comparison between the electroencephalogram of the first and the fourth week, sLORETA revealed that the power of alpha 2 band was significantly decreased on right supramarginal gyrus after the treatment (p<0.05). However, other cortical areas and other frequency bands have failed to show any significant differences.
Conclusions: Previous studies reported that parietal lobe abnormalities in the schizophrenic patients can be considered to have a relation with their impaired social cognition, or that the severity of auditory hallucination had a correlation with the volume loss of supramarginal gyrus. The change of alpha spectral power on the supramargical gyrus in this study also suggests that schizophrenia may have a abnormal electrophysiological dynamics of supramarginal gyrus which is a part of inferior parietal lobe, and this finding is compatible with prior imaging studies that reported a reduced volume or impaired functions of parietal lobe, and with other electroencephalographic studies that reported the reduced alpha wave power during the antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia.
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KEYWORD
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Schizophrenia, EEG, Antipsychotics
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