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KMID : 0904520130330010221
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Health and Medical Sociology
2013 Volume.33 No. 1 p.221 ~ p.242
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Future Direction of School Environmental Sanitation and Cleanup Zone System
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Sohn Ae-Ree
Park Eun-Ju
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Abstract
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The government established "School Environmental Sanitation and Cleanup Zone (hereafter referred to as the "Cleanup Zone") in 1967 to protect schools’ health, sanitation and learning environment. While restricting certain activities and facilities in the cleanup zone is necessary, it has also limited the freedom of business and the property right of people to some extent.
This study therefore aims to explore ways to improve the Cleanup Zone system effectively by reviewing current problems of the system and analyzing trends in the cancellation rate and deliberation cases regarding the prohibited activities and facilities in the Cleanup Zone in the decade of 2001-2011.
The problems in the laws related to the Cleanup Zone system and in the prohibited activities and facilities in the Zone were analyzed through a literature review including documents published by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, replies to inquiries of Ministry of Government Legislation, and laws related to the prohibited activities and facilities in the Cleanup Zone. In addition, ways to improve the Cleanup Zone system effectively were explored by reviewing current problems of the system and analyzing trends in the cancellation rate and deliberation cases regarding the prohibited activities and facilities in the Cleanup Zone for the decade of 2001-2011.
The current problems of the Cleanup Zone system were as follows:
First, the prohibited activities and facilities in the Cleanup Zone should be subdivided according to the type of business since they are not varied by the type of business.
Second, the activities and facilities prohibited in the Cleanup Zone are all the same regardless of the school type.
Third, the issue of equity is questionable as the participation of a legal expert is not guaranteed in the composition of the Cleanup Zone Committee and the criteria vary depending on the circumstances rather then being consistently applied in the deliberation.
Fourth, the inter-organizational cooperation for the management of the Cleanup Zone has not been effective.
Since the School Health Act, the legal ground for the Cleanup Zone system, prescribes the matters on both school health management and environmental sanitation cleanup zone, which are two different issues, these two should be separated. A new law, tentatively titled ‘Educational Environment Protection Act’, should be legislated with the specific goal of ensuring an educational environment around schools. While it should prescribe the matters related to the cleanup zone, it should also specify criteria for prohibited activities and facilities in the cleanup zone in detail by subdividing them, while simultaneously clearly defining relationships with other regulations on youth protection
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KEYWORD
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school health act, clean zone system, educational environment
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