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KMID : 1024220130280010003
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Environmental Health and Toxicology : EHT
2013 Volume.28 No. 1 p.3 ~ p.3
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Appropriate In Vitro Methods for Genotoxicity Testing of Silver Nanoparticles
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:Kim Ha-Ryong
:Park Yong-Joo/:Shin Da-Young/:Oh Seung-Min/:Chung Kyu-Hyuck
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Abstract
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Objectives: We investigated the genotoxic effects of 40-59 nm silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), in vitro comet assay and micronucleus (MN) assay. In particular, we directly compared the effect of cytochalasin B (cytoB) and rat liver homogenate (S9 mix) in the formation of MN by Ag-NPs.
Methods: Before testing, we confirmed that Ag-NPs were completely dispersed in the experimental medium by sonication (three times in 1 minute) and filtration (0.2 μm pore size filter), and then we measured their size in a zeta potential analyzer. After that the genotoxicity were measured and especially, S9 mix and with and without cytoB were compared one another in MN assay.
Results: Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537 strains revealed that Ag-NPs with or without S9 mix did not display a mutagenic effect. The genotoxicity of Ag-NPs was also evaluated in a mammalian cell system using Chinese hamster ovary cells. The results revealed that Ag-NPs stimulated DNA breakage and MN formation with or without S9 mix in a dose-dependent manner (from 0.01 μg/mL to 10 μg/mL). In particular, MN induction was affected by cytoB.
Conclusions: All of our findings, with the exception of the Ames test results, indicate that Ag-NPs show genotoxic effects in mammalian cell system. In addition, present study suggests the potential error due to use of cytoB in genotoxic test of nanoparticles.
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KEYWORD
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Bacterial reverse mutation test, Comet assay, Genotoxicity, Micronucleus assay, Silver nanoparticles
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