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KMID : 1034820190150010041
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Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
2019 Volume.15 No. 1 p.41 ~ p.48
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CMIT/MIT induce apoptosis and inflammation in alveolar epithelial cells through p38/JNK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway
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Lee Joo-Yeon
Lee Han-Byeol
Jang Soo-Jin
Hong Seok-Ho
Kim Woo-Jin
Ryu Se-Min
Park Sung-Min
Lee Kyung-Hak
Cho Sung-Joon
Yang Se-Ran
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Abstract
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Backgrounds: The 5-chloro-2-methyl-2h-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-2h-isothiazol-3-one (CMIT/MIT) are widespread biocides that commonly found in variety of water-soluble consumer products including dentifrice, germicide and shampoo etc. Recently, in Korea, it has been reported that general population was exposed to humidifier sterilizer with CMIT/MIT as disinfectant components, and eventually more than 530 victims had been suffered severe lung disease since they had used. Although it is known to be a certain risk factor threatening public health, it is unknown to be associated with pathological cellular- and molecular-mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of CMIT/MIT in mouse alveolar type II epithelial cells, MLE-12 cells.
Methods: MLE-12 cells were treated with CMIT/MIT (0-50 μM) for 24 hours.
Results: In MTT assay, cellular proliferation was significantly decreased in response to CMIT/MIT treatment. In western blot analysis, protein levels of BAX/Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased. Moreover, cell cycle-related gene were also increased. In ELISA, CMIT/MIT increased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine of TNF-α and IL-1β. Moreover, CMIT/MIT increased the phosphorylated-ERK1/2, phosphorylated-p38, and phosphorylated-JNK1/2 protein levels in MLE-12 cells.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that CMIT/MIT exposure induce the injury of alveolar epithelial cells with inflammatory response via the p38-JNK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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KEYWORD
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CMIT/MIT, Pulmonary toxicity, Alveolar epithelial cells, Apoptosis, MAPK
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