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KMID : 1039220170270040361
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Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
2017 Volume.27 No. 4 p.361 ~ p.370
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Exposure Assessment of Diesel Engine Exhaust among Door-to-door Deliverers in Daegu
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Lee Ga-Hyun
Kim Seung-Won
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Abstract
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Objectives: This study evaluated the diesel engine exhaust (DEE) exposure levels of door-to-door deliverers in Daegu from July to September.
Methods: We measured exposure levels of DEE surrogates for the same door-to-door deliverers who joined the particulate matter 2.5 exposure study previously published in this journal. Black carbon(BC) concentrations were measured using real-time BC monitoring devices with 1 minute interval. NO2 concentrations were monitored using passive badges. DEE exposure data were analyzed using the same characteristics and GPS information as the first study
Results: A total of 40 measurements of BC concentrations and NO2 concentrations were collected during delivery of parcels. The average exposure levels to BC, and NO2 were 2.23 μg/m3(0.001―350.85 μg/m3) and 21.26 ppb(3.3―61.37 ppb), respectively. Exposure levels to BC according to the day of a week and coverage areas were not significantly different(p>0.05). Delivery trucks manufactured before 2006 caused significantly higher exposure to BC than the trucks manufactured after 2006(p<0.05). Exposure levels of BC integrated for each time in residential area and roadsides were 1.96 μg/m3 and 3.46 μg/m3, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the ambient PM2.5 and BC was significant, r=0.26(p<0.01); however, the correlations between PM2.5 and ambient PM2.5, and between BC of DEE and PM2.5 of DEE did not show a significant correlation
Conclusions: BC and NO2 exposure levels were significantly lower when door-to-door deliverers drove newer trucks. BC exposure levels of deliverers were higher in roadsides than in residential area. DEE from nearby vehicles through open windows might be the main source of BC exposure.
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KEYWORD
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black carbon, door-to-door deliverer, GPS, diesel engine exhaust
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