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KMID : 1143420160090040066
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Public Health Weekly Report
2016 Volume.9 No. 4 p.66 ~ p.69
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The Current Status of new TB Vaccines Development
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Jeong Hye-Sook
Yoo Jung-Sik
Lee Sang-Won
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Abstract
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Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide with about two million deaths per year. Globally in 2014, there were an estimated 9.6 million TB cases caused by M. tuberculosis. South Korea had the highest TB incidence rate among members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The only licensed vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), is effective in infant and adolescent population. Unfortunately, the varying immune efficacy and short duration causes limited protective effect, so BCG vaccine does not protect all age groups from tuberculosis. Recently, several TB vaccine candidates have undergone clinical trials. These vaccine candidates were either live mycobacterial vaccines designed to replace BCG, or subunit vaccines designed to boost immunity induced by BCG. In this review, we discuss about BCG vaccines and novel TB vaccine development to prevent tuberculosis.
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