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KMID : 1143420220150191244
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Public Health Weekly Report
2022 Volume.15 No. 19 p.1244 ~ p.1250
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Cohabitant COVID-19 incidence rate and related factors during period of Omicron predominance
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Kim Young-Won
Kim Young-Man
Lim Do-Sang
Park Young-Joon
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Abstract
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On November 9, 2021, the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected in South Africa and has since spread rapidly, replacing the Delta variant as the dominant strain worldwide. The Omicron variant was first detected in the Republic of Korea on December 1, 2022; then, it became the dominant strain on January 3, 2022, comprising 50.3% of the detected cases. Therefore, to evaluate the infectivity, transmissibility, and effectiveness of vaccination, the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the 103,050 cases that were confirmed between February 1 and 14, 2022, when 90% of the detected cases were the Omicron variant, and 209,682 cohabitants were analyzed. Of the 209,682 cohabitants, 72,609 tested positive, demonstrating a cohabitant incidence rate of 34.6%. The incidence rate for both confirmed cases and cohabitants within 90 days of receiving the third dose of the vaccine is 25.8%, which is less than half of that obser ved in individuals who were not vaccinated (53.1%). Fur thermore, the risk of transmission from confirmed cases who had received the third dose of the vaccine less than 90 days prior compared to those who had not yet been fully vaccinated was 0.61 times lower (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52-0.73), while the risk of transmission to a cohabitant who had received the third dose of the vaccine less than 90 days prior was 0.69 times lower (95% CI, 0.59-0.81) than those cohabitants who had not yet been fully vaccinated. The transmissibility was highest from confirmed cases to cohabitants of children under the age of 10 years, which was 0.9 times higher in females than in males (95% CI, 0.88-0.91) and among cohabitants, it was 1.2 times higher in females than males (95% CI, 1.18-1.23). In the future, evidence will be provided on the effectiveness and importance of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign to combat the Omicron variant through additional data analysis and the development of a periodic monitoring system.
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KEYWORD
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Omicron, Cohabitant incidence rate
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