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KMID : 1147020110140020163
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Korean Journal of Psychodrama
2011 Volume.14 No. 2 p.163 ~ p.188
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The Study of Therapeutic Factors Criteria Development and Validity of Psychodrama
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Heo Mi-Kyoung
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study is to develop Psychodrama Therapeutic Factors Scale and to test its validity. To begin with, therapeutic factors (emotional purification, fulfillment of desires, self- esteem, self-expansion, new perception and understandings and group moods and its interrelation) in 6 dimensional subgroups (emotion, perception, the self, desires, existence, and group) were derived and conceptualized by investigating domestic and international literatures and interviewing focus group. The focus group consists of 4 groups including over 10-year experienced experts in performing psychodrama and psychodrama society members who had over 250 hours in participating and over 5 times of main characters. Through 3 experts` consensus with me, 133 preparatory questions were devised, which were organized on the first draft of psychodrama therapeutic factors scale based on literature researches and interviews of focus groups. By proving validity of contents with the help of 5 experts concerning about 133 questions, the contents were revised and supplemented. As the result, 82 questions for preparatory investigation were chosen. The preparatory research was conducted in questionnaires by e-mail to attendee at national psychodrama workshops, annual meetings of societies or local institutes and to members of psychodrama society. To be analyzed, 193 answers were available. The proper number of factors was 5 in the dimension of statistical standards and interpretational possibility. As for getting factor structures, it was designed for Direct Oblimin and Principal Axis Factoring was conducted. After doing that some questions estimated to explain each factor were chosen and the total number of them was 67. To confirm 5 factor structures which was chosen in preparatory research, direct questionnaires were performed to attendee at national psychodrama workshops, annual meetings of societies or local institutes. In addition, validity tests were conducted to psychodrama club students in around 10 universities and graduate students majoring in counseling psychology. Analysis sources were 258 in total. Each 5 factor of psychodrama therapeutic factors scale in 9 questions were derived to be 45 questions in total. With the experiment of getting Chronbach`s α coefficient as to reliability on 45 questions, the whole reliability was .97 as high. For this, the interrelations were tested among established counseling therapeutic factors scale such as Group Counseling Therapeutic Factor Scale of Kivlighan et al. (1996), Therapeutic Factor Scale of Yoon, Seong Choel et al.(1997), Self-respect Scale of Rosenberg(1965), and Emotional Expression Scale developed by Kring et al.(1994). The overall correlation with group counseling therapeutic factors was .85 (p<.001) and that with therapeutic factors scale was .52 (p<.001), which means that there was a significant correlation. Furthermore, the overall correlation with self-respect scale was .41(p<.001) and that of emotion expression was .35(p<.001), which means that there was a significant correlation. Thus, it might be concluded that psychodrama therapeutic factors scale are tools to measure the efficiency of treatment more objectively after psychodrama.
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KEYWORD
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Psychodrama, Therapeutic Factors, Develop Psychodrama Therapeutic Factors Scale
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