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KMID : 1156220140400030178
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2014 Volume.40 No. 3 p.178 ~ p.186
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Risk Assessment for Non-Cancer Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds in Children’s Products
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Kim Jung-Kon
Seo Jung-Kwan
Kim Tak-Soo
Park Gun-Ho
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Abstract
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Background: This study was conducted to assess health risks in regard to exposure by children to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in children’s products.
Methods: Ten VOCs were measured by head-space gas chromatography in children’s products, including toys, oil pastels, sign pens, furniture, ball pools, and playmats. We estimated the average daily dose (ADD) via inhalation during the use of these children’s products and calculated hazard quotient (HQ) by dividing ADD by reference dose of VOCs.
Results: Among the measured VOCs, five compounds were identified in children’s products: benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene, and xylene. The detection rates of VOCs in toys, ball pools, furniture, playmats, sign pens, and oil pastels were 85%, 100%, 100%, 30%, 100%, and 60%, respectively. The maximum levels of VOCs were 0.18 mg benzene/kg in toys, 5.92 mg toluene/kg in playmats, 10.37 mg ethylbenzene/kg in ball pools, 24.85 mg xylene/kg in toys, and 118.29 mg styrene/kg in ball pools. From exposure levels of VOCs in the children’s products HQs were calculated within a range of 5.71×10-10 to 4.77×10-4. The HQ of xylene was the highest for children aged 0-6 playing on the playmats. However, the HQ via inhalation exposure to VOCs in individual products did not exceed 1.00.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it was concluded that the use of these children’s products do not pose health risks to children.
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KEYWORD
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Children’s products, Volatile organic compounds, Risk assessment, Inhalation exposure
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