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KMID : 1156220170430020103
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2017 Volume.43 No. 2 p.103 ~ p.110
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Determination of Hazardous Metals in Nail Enamel Containing Glitter
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Ko Suk-Kyung
Chung Sam-Ju
Park Young-Hye
Park Ae-Sook
Kim Hyun-Jung
Park Geon-Yong
Oh Young-Hee
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Abstract
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Objectives: This study was performed to provide basic data for the re-establishment of standards (criteria) and analytical methods for hazardous metals in nail enamel.
Methods: Ten metals (lead; Pb, arsenic; As, cadminum; Cd, antimony: Sb, cobalt; Co, nikel; Ni, copper; Cu, chromium; Cr, aluminum; Al, and mercury; Hg) were measured in 67 commercial nail enamels containing glitter and/or pearls. The content of hazardous metals (excepting Hg) was determined by using an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) after microwave digestion. Mercury content was measured by a mercury analyzer without any preparation.
Results: The detected ranges of the intact samples were as follows: ND - 1.756 μg/g for Pb, ND - 1.24 μg/g for As, ND for Cd, ND - 20.41 μg/g for Sb, ND - 12.36 μg/g for Co, ND - 7.908 μg/g for Ni, 0.088 - 79.27 μg/g for Cu, 0.281 - 18.54 μg/g for Cr, 13.78 - 3 563 μg/g for Al, and ND - 0.044 μg/g for Hg. After centrifugation, the detected ranges of supernatant were as follows: ND - 0.435 μg/g for Pb, ND - 0.504 μg/g for As, ND for Cd, ND - 0.035 μg/g for Sb, ND - 13.17 μg/g for Co, ND - 0.232 μg/g for Ni, 0.117 - 90.07 μg/g for Cu, 0.174 - 2.787 μg/g for Cr, and 9.459 - 1 565 μg/g for Al. The results of this
analysis showed that the levels of heavy metals such as Pb, As, and Sb were much higher in the intact samples than those of supernatant.
Conclusion: In the present study, we found that the levels of hazardous metals were significantly different depending on the status of the presence of glitter. Based on the results, we recommend that the product consumer refrain from prolonged application of nail enamel, avoid biting or chewing the nails, and wear gloves during cooking and washing dishes.
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KEYWORD
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Glitter, hazardous metals, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES), nail enamel
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